"Species","Countries of impact","Impact mechanism","EICAT Category","Evidence for EICAT category","Confidence rating","Justification for confidence rating","Impacted native species","Reference",
"Horornis diphone","U.S.A.","Indirect impacts through interactions with other species","DD","Introduced birds [including Japanese Bush-Warbler] dispersed all common native plants in these forest sites but non-native plants were infrequently eaten and dispersed.","","","","Foster, J.T. (2005). Exotic bird invasion into forests of Hawaii: Demography, competition, and seed dispersal. PhD Thesis. Foster, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign",
"Horornis diphone","U.S.A.","Grazing/herbivory/browsing","MC","The most common species are also frugivores, Japanese Bush-Warblers (Cettia diphone),... From adjacent native forests at higher elevations, samples from an additional two ?amakihi and one Japanese Bush-Warbler (n =44) contained seeds of Vaccinium spp..","Low","Whilst there is some observational evidence, it is difficult to establish the extent and severity of herbirvory impacts.","Vaccinium calycinum","Foster, J.T., Robinson, S.K. (2007), Introduced birds and the fate of Hawaiian rainforests. Conserv Biol21:1248?1257. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2007.00781.x",
"Horornis diphone","U.S.A.","Competition","DD","Concerns have been expressed about competition of bush-warblers with native species, perhaps especially as food competitors. According to the Kaua?i Forest Bird Recovery Project, C. diphone has managed to establish populations in the high-elevation forests of Hawaii where it may compete with native birds for food and nesting habitat. The Maui Forest Bird Restoration Project states that it is not known what pressures this species will exert on Maui's native forest birds as it continues to expand.","","","","Ventosa, E. (2015). Invasive Species Compendium, Datasheet: Cettia diphone (Japanese bush-warbler), CAB International. Available at: https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/89968",
"Horornis diphone","U.S.A.","Competition","MC","I assessed the demography of an invasion, addressing habitat-specific differences in the survival and reproduction of three introduced bird species: the Red­ billed Leiothrix (Leiothrix lutea), Japanese Bush-Warbler (Cettia diphone), and Japanese White-eye (Zosterops japonicus). The distribution and abundance of arthropod and fruit resources in native forests may explain the differential success of introduced birds. White-eyes, leiothrix, and bush-warblers had broad diets that strongly overlapped with a native honeycreeper, the Alauahio (Paroreomyza montana). Thus, extensive overlap in resource use, a primary  requirement for competition, existed between a native bird and three introduced species.","Low","Whilst there is some observational evidence, it is difficult to establish the extent and severity of competition impacts.","Paroreomyza montana","Foster, J.T. (2005). Exotic bird invasion into forests of Hawaii: Demography, competition, and seed dispersal. PhD Thesis. Foster, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign",
"Horornis diphone","U.S.A.","Predation","MN","Non-native avian species consumed 18 different orders of arthropods. The top three consumed arthropod orders (all insects) were Lepidoptera, Diptera, and Coleoptera. Japanese Bush-Warbler consumed the most Coleoptera. Bush-warblers were the only non-native bird species to consume Isopoda in native forests.","Low","Whilst there is some observational evidence, it is difficult to establish the extent and severity of predation impacts.","Diptera, Coleoptera, Isopoda, Lepidoptera","Scinto, Alissa C., (2018).The Molecular Analysis of Hawaiian Bird Diets, Honors Theses and Capstones. 434.",
"Horornis diphone","U.S.A.","Predation","MN","I assessed the demography of an invasion, addressing habitat-specific differences in the survival and reproduction of three introduced bird species: Japanese Bush-Warbler (Cettia diphone)...In an analysis of samples from 252 birds,  arthropods were identified. Arthropods, comprised a majority of the diet for all species investigated. For arthropods, five orders comprised most the samples: Homoptera, Lepidoptera (moths), Hemiptera (true bugs), Coleoptera (beetles), and Araneae (spiders).","Low","Whilst there is some observational evidence, it is difficult to establish the extent and severity of predation impacts.","Coleoptera, Isopoda, Hemiptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera, Paroreomyza montana, Vaccinium calycinum, Homoptera","Foster, J.T. (2005). Exotic bird invasion into forests of Hawaii: Demography, competition, and seed dispersal. PhD Thesis. Foster, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Scinto, Alissa C., (2018).The Molecular Analysis of Hawaiian Bird Diets, Honors Theses and Capstones. 434. ",